India’s cybersecurity agency, CERT-In, has cautioned businesses—especially micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)—about a new wave of risks driven by advanced artificial intelligence.
In a recent advisory, the agency noted that modern AI systems are beginning to change how cyberattacks are designed and executed. Tasks that once required specialised expertise can now be automated, allowing attackers to move faster and operate at a larger scale.
AI-driven tools can analyse software, identify weaknesses and coordinate multi-step intrusions with limited human input. This shift increases the likelihood of more frequent and sophisticated attacks, including data breaches, financial fraud and service disruptions.
MSMEs are particularly exposed due to limited cybersecurity infrastructure and resources. With easier access to AI-powered tools, even low-skilled actors may be able to carry out complex attacks such as phishing campaigns, credential theft and network infiltration.
The advisory also highlights growing concerns around emerging AI systems, often described as frontier models, which can simulate attack scenarios and uncover vulnerabilities rapidly. While such systems have legitimate security applications, their misuse remains a key risk.
To reduce exposure, CERT-In has urged organisations to strengthen core security practices. These include implementing multi-factor authentication, closely monitoring systems for unusual activity, updating software promptly and maintaining strong access controls.
Businesses are also encouraged to improve incident response readiness, maintain logs for analysis and report cyber incidents without delay. Proactive monitoring and faster response times, the agency said, are critical in limiting damage.
The warning reflects a broader shift in cybersecurity, where AI is reshaping both defence and attack strategies. As threats become more automated, organisations will need to adopt more adaptive and resilient security approaches.
For MSMEs, the challenge will not only be adopting digital tools, but ensuring they are protected in an environment where cyber risks are becoming increasingly intelligent and scalable.
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