As the debate around artificial intelligence regulation continues to grow, Google has proposed a new policy framework that recommends separate oversight for advanced AI models and widely used AI applications in the United States.
The company said AI governance should avoid the extremes of excessive regulation or no regulation at all. Instead, it advocates a practical, evidence-based approach that distinguishes frontier AI systems from everyday AI tools such as chatbots.
For frontier AI, Google has proposed creating a Frontier AI Regulatory Organisation (FARO). The industry-funded body would operate under federal oversight and develop standards covering safety, security, transparency, and incident reporting. It would also establish scientific benchmarks for advanced AI capabilities, particularly in areas such as cybersecurity and chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear risks.
Under the proposal, FARO would oversee independent audits and require companies developing frontier AI models to publish and follow safety frameworks before releasing highly capable systems.
For widely deployed AI applications, Google believes the federal government should primarily rely on existing legal frameworks while introducing targeted updates where necessary. The company said future regulations should focus on addressing real-world harms and AI-generated outcomes instead of closely controlling AI development.
The policy paper identifies workforce readiness, child safety, information integrity, copyright, privacy, and data centre energy infrastructure as key priority areas. Google also supports measures such as AI interaction guidelines for children, disclosures that chatbots are not sentient, safeguards for self-harm-related queries, watermarking and content provenance standards for generative AI, privacy-enhancing technologies, and workforce reskilling initiatives.
According to Google, this two-track framework would help address national security and consumer protection concerns while supporting continued AI innovation and maintaining the United States’ leadership in artificial intelligence.
The proposal is expected to contribute to ongoing discussions around AI regulation, while also reflecting Google’s preference for industry-funded oversight, confidential audit processes, and the continued use of existing laws for many AI applications.
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