As India advances its space-based observation capabilities, Indian Space Research Organisation is set to launch the EOS-N1 Anvesha satellite aboard the PSLV-C62 mission on January 12.
Anvesha is a hyperspectral remote sensing satellite developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation. Unlike conventional imaging satellites, it captures hundreds of narrow light bands across visible and infrared wavelengths. Each object on Earth reflects light differently, creating unique spectral signatures that allow precise identification of materials, terrain, and structures.
This technology enables accurate detection of soil types, vegetation health, water bodies, and man-made materials. It is especially valuable for defence planning, as it can identify camouflaged objects, assess terrain mobility, and support route and mission planning using detailed 3D mapping.
Hyperspectral data is collected using spectroradiometers and analysed through Geographic Information Systems, allowing layered, location-based insights. Beyond defence, the technology supports disaster response, environmental monitoring, and agriculture by detecting floods, crop stress, and land changes early.
While hyperspectral sensing involves high costs and large data volumes, advances in AI and analytics are helping speed up processing and interpretation. Weather-related challenges also remain, but ongoing innovation is improving reliability.
With the launch of Anvesha, India strengthens its strategic surveillance capabilities while also expanding tools for disaster management, climate monitoring, and resource planning.
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