In a major step forward for its space ambitions, Saudi Arabia has successfully launched and established early communication with its “Shams” satellite, marking its entry into NASA’s Artemis programme.
The Saudi Space Agency confirmed that “Shams” was deployed aboard the Space Launch System as part of the Artemis II mission. This milestone makes Saudi Arabia the first Arab nation to participate in a mission under the Artemis programme.
Led by NASA, Artemis aims to drive scientific innovation and strengthen global partnerships. Artemis II represents the programme’s second phase and is a key step towards sending humans back to the Moon’s vicinity after more than 50 years.
The mission includes 4 astronauts onboard the Orion spacecraft and is described as the first crewed lunar orbit or flyby mission of its kind. It is powered by the Space Launch System, known as the most powerful launch vehicle ever developed and operated. The Saudi satellite “Shams” is part of the mission’s scientific payload.
The “Shams” satellite will operate in a highly elliptical orbit ranging from approximately 500 km to 70,000 km above Earth. This orbit allows wide coverage and continuous monitoring of solar and radiation activity.
Its research will focus on 4 key areas:
- Space radiation
- Solar X-rays
- Earth’s magnetic field
- High-energy solar particles
This setup will enable detailed observation of how solar activity interacts with Earth’s systems, supporting both scientific research and practical applications.
The data collected is expected to improve the reliability of critical sectors such as communications, aviation, and navigation systems. By enhancing understanding of solar radiation and magnetic disturbances, the mission will help strengthen infrastructure that supports global operations.
“Shams” also marks multiple firsts for Saudi Arabia. It is the Kingdom’s first mission focused on space weather monitoring and its first participation in Artemis. The satellite was developed locally by Saudi talent under the National Industrial Development and Logistics Program, a key part of Vision 2030.
Acting CEO of the Saudi Space Agency, Dr Mohammed bin Saud Al-Tamimi, said the mission reflects the Kingdom’s rapid progress in science and technology under the leadership of King Salman and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. He highlighted that continued support has enabled national talent to contribute to global space missions.
NIDLP CEO Eng Jameel bin Ahmed Al-Ghamdi said the development of “Shams” showcases the programme’s success in building local capabilities and strengthening industrial competitiveness.
The Saudi Space Agency added that the mission highlights the Kingdom’s focus on innovation, talent development, and international collaboration. With Artemis II paving the way for future lunar and Mars missions, Saudi Arabia is positioning itself as an active contributor to global space exploration.
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