China’s National Games torch relay made history on Sunday as it began its first-ever cross-boundary run across four cities in the Greater Bay Area — Hong Kong, Macao, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Among the highlights was the participation of Kuavo, a humanoid robot that joined the event as a special torchbearer, showcasing the nation’s latest advancements in robotics and technology.
Developed by Shenzhen-based Leju Robotics, Kuavo is an open-source humanoid robot that carried the 1.6-kilogram torch and successfully completed the baton handover between the second and third stages of the relay in Shenzhen. The robot’s name is inspired by Kuafu, a mythical giant in Chinese folklore who relentlessly chased the sun, symbolizing perseverance and innovation.
Adding to the spectacle, a robot dog also took part in the event, assisting in handing over mascots to the human torchbearers, further emphasizing the fusion of technology and tradition at this year’s games.
Kuavo holds the distinction of being the world’s first humanoid robot powered by 5G-Advanced (5G-A) technology. Designed for a wide range of uses, from domestic applications to industrial operations, it is also the first Chinese humanoid robot capable of both jumping and walking across different types of terrain.
The research and engineering team behind Kuavo introduced several technical breakthroughs to ensure its stable performance during the torch relay. Its motion control algorithms were upgraded to enhance balance, stability, and terrain adaptability, allowing it to move naturally and resist disturbances even while carrying the torch.
With the support of the 5G-A network, the robot transmitted real-time video from its own perspective, enabling precise remote control and coordination without the need for a physical operator at the scene. This created what engineers called an “information superhighway” for smooth communication and monitoring.
Since its debut in December 2023, Kuavo has made multiple public appearances at major national and international events. Earlier this year, it assisted reporters during China’s Two Sessions, encouraged athletes at the Asian Cup table tennis tournament in Shenzhen, and appeared at the 2025 Shenzhen (Longhua) – Milan Lifestyle Week opening ceremony, dressed in traditional Miao ethnic attire.
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